01Diabetic nephropathies

When high blood sugar rates lasts for a long time, it damages the renal vascular. This is referred as a diabetic nephropathies. The meaning of poor kidney function is that the kidney, which eliminates waste inside the blood, is not working well. This may result uremia because of piled up waste in the body or abnormal water accumulation in the body. About 20~30% of diabetes patients experiences kidney complication in an average of 10~15 years after diabetes diagnosis. Once kidney complication outbreaks, it progresses into chronic renal insufficiency within 10 years. If you have problems adjusting blood sugar and high blood pressure, not only the risk of kidney complication rises high, but also the progress of the disease is fast too. So it is important to start treatment at an early stage, when albuminuria occurs. And make various efforts not to let this progress into renal insufficiency.

1) Lower your blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels
2) Must quit drinking and smoking, regular exercise is needed.
3) Have your food as bland as possible, and avoid greasy food.

02Chronic renal insufficiency

In these cases, it is diagnosed as chronic kidney disease: kidney function disorder is found at blood test, found that both side of kidney’s size had decreased through kidney ultrasound, for 3 months or more has shown proof that there’s a damage at the kidney such as hemuresis and albuminuria when urine examination. As chronic renal insufficiency means that the kidney is not functioning at all, treatments like hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and a kidney transplant is needed. This disease’s main causes are diabetes and high blood pressure. Besides those, glomerulonephritis, ureteral stricture, urinary tract infection, old age, obesity, hyperlipidemia may also be the cause. Because of westernized life style, the number of chronic kidney disease patients are soaring globally. Once chronic renal insufficiency outbreaks, it progresses continuously. The best treatment is to find it at an early stage and slow down the speed of kidney function decrease. So prevention by improvement in usual lifestyle is important.

03Glomerulonephritis, acute nephritis

Shows hemuresis, oliguresis, decrease of glomerular filtration rate(GFR), edema

04Nephritic syndrome

Large quantity of albuminuria, hypoalbuminaemia, hypercholesterolemia, edema

05Acute renal failure

Sudden renal function decrease, daily increase of serum creatinine, daily decrease of glomerular filtration rate(GFR), urinary tract infection, urinary tract infection, high blood pressure, renal calculi etc.

01Kidney biopsy

For pathologic diagnosis of the cause of albuminuria, hemuresis, and kidney function decrease, kidney biopsy may be performed. Before biopsy, the existence of hemostatic disorder must be checked. When biopsy is performing, the patient should maintain a prone position for 20~30 minutes. Biopsy is performed under the guidance of ultrasound after regional anesthesia, at this very moment, the patient repeats taking a deep breath in and out followed by the request of the practitioner. If needed, 2~4 times of tissue collection may happen. After biopsy, in order to control hemorrhage, the patient should remain laying down for 6~8 hours. On this occasion, food intake is capable with the help of others. Blood pressure and pulse monitoring, blood test will be repeated until steady state shows.

02Hemodialysis

It is one of renal replacement therapy. After forming an arteriovenous fistula(a state of veins and arteries connected by surgery), you eliminate waste and body fluid in a constant cycle(average of 3 times a week, every other day) by using a hemodialysis machine at the artificial kidney center.

03Peritoneal dialysis

Also one of renal replacement therapy. This treatment starts by inserting the peritoneal dialysis tube into the abdomen area. Then eliminates waste and body fluid inside the patient’s body by repeatably injecting and drainaging a peritoneal fluid(PF) into the patient’s abdominal cavity manually or using a machine.